Java BigDecimal

In this post, we will see about Java BigDecimal class.

BigDecimal class contains Arithmetic operations, rounding, comparison, scaling. It provides high precision arithmetic operations, so generally used to handle numbers in banking and financial domain.

Table of Contents

Constructors
Methods
FAQs

Java BigDecimal provides a lot of options to control rounding. You can choose various rounding modes such as round half up or round up down to do the rounding.

Here is simple way to create a BigDecimal.We will use String based constructor for creating BigDecimal object.


        BigDecimal bigDecimal=new BigDecimal("12.23");
        System.out.println(bigDecimal)

BigDecimal bigDecimal=new BigDecimal("12.23");

System.out.println(bigDecimal)

An example to set scale upto 2 decimal places for BigDecimal:


        BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal("10.12545");
        b=b.setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
        System.out.println("BigDecimal Rounding to 2 decimal places: "+b);

BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal("10.12545");

b=b.setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);

System.out.println("BigDecimal Rounding to 2 decimal places: "+b);

As BigDecimal is immutable just like String,it always returns new object when you perform any operation on it. That’s why we need to assign b.setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP) to b reference variable again.

Constructors

Constructor
BigDecimal(BigInteger val) converts a BigInteger into a BigDecimal.
BigDecimal(BigInteger unscaledVal, int scale) converts a BigInteger unscaled value and an int scale into a BigDecimal.
BigDecimal(BigInteger unscaledVal, int scale, MathContext mc) converts a BigInteger unscaled value and an int scale into a BigDecimal, with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(BigInteger val, MathContext mc) converts a BigInteger into a BigDecimal rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(char[] in) converts a character array representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal, accepting the same sequence of characters as the BigDecimal(String) constructor.
BigDecimal(char[] in, int offset, int len) converts a character array representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal, accepting the same sequence of characters as the BigDecimal(String) constructor, while allowing a sub-array to be specified.
BigDecimal(char[] in, int offset, int len, MathContext mc) converts a character array representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal, accepting the same sequence of characters as the BigDecimal(String) constructor, while allowing a sub-array to be specified and with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(char[] in, MathContext mc) converts a character array representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal, accepting the same sequence of characters as the BigDecimal(String) constructor and with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(double val) converts a double into a BigDecimal which is the exact decimal representation of the double's binary floating-point value.
BigDecimal(double val, MathContext mc) converts a double into a BigDecimal, with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(int val) converts an int into a BigDecimal.
BigDecimal(int val, MathContext mc) converts an int into a BigDecimal, with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(long val) converts a long into a BigDecimal.
BigDecimal(long val, MathContext mc) converts a long into a BigDecimal, with rounding according to the context settings.
BigDecimal(String val) converts the string representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal.
BigDecimal(String val, MathContext mc) converts the string representation of a BigDecimal into a BigDecimal, accepting the same strings as the BigDecimal(String) constructor, with rounding according to the context settings.

Methods

Return Type	Methods
BigDecimal	abs() This method returns absolve value of BigDecimal. It will retain scale of the BigDecimal
BigDecimal	abs ( MathContext mc) This methods Returns the absolute value of this BigDecimal, with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	add ( BigDecimal augend) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is sum of (this and augend), and whose scale is max(this.scale(), augend.scale()).
BigDecimal	add ( BigDecimal augend, MathContext mc) It returns a BigDecimal whose value is sum of (this and augend), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
byte	byteValueExact() It Converts this BigDecimal to a byte, checking for lost information.
int	compareTo ( BigDecimal val) This method is used to compare this to another BigDecimal.This method returns 0,1 or -1 based on input
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor), and whose preferred scale is (this.scale() - divisor.scale()); if the exact quotient cannot be represented (because it has a non-terminating decimal expansion) an ArithmeticException is thrown.
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor, int roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor), and whose scale is this.scale() and it applies roundingMode based on the parameter.
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor, int scale, int roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor), and whose scale is as specified and it applies roundingMode based on the parameter.
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor, int scale, RoundingMode roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor) , and whose scale is as specified.
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor, MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	divide ( BigDecimal divisor, RoundingMode roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this / divisor), and whose scale is this.scale().
BigDecimal[]	divideAndRemainder ( BigDecimal divisor) This method returns a two-element BigDecimal array containing the result of divideToIntegralValue followed by the result of remainder on the two operands.
BigDecimal[]	divideAndRemainder ( BigDecimal divisor, MathContext mc) THis method returns a two-element BigDecimal array containing the result of divideToIntegralValue followed by the result of remainder on the two operands calculated with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	divideToIntegralValue ( BigDecimal divisor) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is the integer part of the quotient (this / divisor) rounded down.
BigDecimal	divideToIntegralValue ( BigDecimal divisor, MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is the integer part of (this / divisor), with rounding according to MathContext setting
double	doubleValue() This method converts this BigDecimal to a double value.
boolean	equals ( Object x) This method Compares this BigDecimal with the specified Object for equality. Please note that this method takes scale into account while applying equality.
float	floatValue() This method converts this BigDecimal to a float value.
int	hashCode() This method returns the hash code for this BigDecimal.
int	intValue() This method simply converts this BigDecimal to an int value.
int	intValueExact() This method converts this BigDecimal to an int, checking for lost information.
long	longValue() This method converts this BigDecimal to a long value.
long	longValueExact() This method converts this BigDecimal to a long, checking for lost information.
BigDecimal	max ( BigDecimal val) This method Returns the maximum of this BigDecimal and val passed.
BigDecimal	min ( BigDecimal val) This method returns the minimum of this BigDecimal and val passed.
BigDecimal	movePointLeft(int n) This method returns a BigDecimal which is equivalent to this one with the decimal point moved n places to the left.
BigDecimal	movePointRight(int n) This method returns a BigDecimal which is equivalent to this one with the decimal point moved n places to the right.
BigDecimal	multiply ( BigDecimal multiplicand) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this × multiplicand), and whose scale is (this.scale() + multiplicand.scale()).
BigDecimal	multiply ( BigDecimal multiplicand, MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this × multiplicand), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	negate() This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (-this), and whose scale is this.scale().
BigDecimal	negate ( MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (-this), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	plus() This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (+this), and whose scale is this.scale().It is just opposite of negate().
BigDecimal	plus ( MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (+this), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	pow(int n) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this^n), The power is computed exactly, to unlimited precision.
BigDecimal	pow (int n, MathContext mc) This method Returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this^n), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
int	precision() This method simply returns the precision of this BigDecimal.
BigDecimal	remainder ( BigDecimal divisor) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this % divisor).
BigDecimal	remainder ( BigDecimal divisor, MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this % divisor), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigDecimal	round ( MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal rounded according to the MathContext settings.
int	scale() This method returns the scale of this BigDecimal.
BigDecimal	scaleByPowerOfTen(int n) This method returns a BigDecimal whose numerical value is equal to (this * 10n).
BigDecimal	setScale(int newScale) This method returns a BigDecimal whose scale is the specified value, and whose value is numerically equal to this BigDecimal's.This is used very often to set scale of BigDecimal
BigDecimal	setScale(int newScale, int roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose scale is the specified value, and whose unscaled value is determined by multiplying or dividing this BigDecimal's unscaled value by the appropriate power of ten to maintain its overall value.
BigDecimal	setScale (int newScale, RoundingMode roundingMode) This method returns a BigDecimal whose scale is the specified value, and whose unscaled value is determined by multiplying or dividing this BigDecimal's unscaled value by the appropriate power of ten to maintain its overall value.
short	shortValueExact() This method Converts this BigDecimal to a short, checking for lost information.
int	signum() This method returns the signum function of this BigDecimal.
BigDecimal	stripTrailingZeros() This method returns a BigDecimal which is numerically equal to this one but with any trailing zeros removed from the representation.
BigDecimal	subtract ( BigDecimal subtrahend) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this - subtrahend), and whose scale is max(this.scale(), subtrahend.scale()).
BigDecimal	subtract ( BigDecimal subtrahend, MathContext mc) This method returns a BigDecimal whose value is (this - subtrahend), with rounding according to the MathContext settings.
BigInteger	toBigInteger() This method converts this BigDecimal to a BigInteger.
BigInteger	toBigIntegerExact() This method converts this BigDecimal to a BigInteger, checking for lost information.
String	toEngineeringString() This method returns a string representation of this BigDecimal, using engineering notation if an exponent is needed.
String	toPlainString() This method returns a string representation of this BigDecimal without an exponent field.
String	toString() This method returns the string representation of this BigDecimal, using scientific notation if an exponent is needed.
BigDecimal	ulp() This method returns the size of an ulp, a unit in the last place, of this BigDecimal.
BigInteger	unscaledValue() This method returns a BigInteger whose value is the unscaled value of this BigDecimal.
static BigDecimal	valueOf(double val) This method translates a double into a BigDecimal, using the double's canonical string representation provided by the Double.toString(double) method.
static BigDecimal	valueOf(long val) This method translates a long value into a BigDecimal with a scale of zero.
static BigDecimal	valueOf(long unscaledVal, int scale) This method translates a long unscaled value and an int scale into a BigDecimal.

Let’s see some examples with the help of FAQs on BigDecimal.

FAQs

How can you compare two BigDecimals?

You can compare two BigDecimals using compareTo method.


import java.math.*;
class BigDecimalDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // create 2 BigDecimal objects
        BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal("60.02");
        BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal("20".52);

        //comparing b1 and b2
        int result = b1.compareTo(b2); 

        if( result == -1 )
            System.out.println("First BigDecimal is less than Second BigDecimal");  
        else if( result == 0)
            System.out.println("First BigDecimal is equal to Second BigDecimal");
        else if( result == 1 )
            System.out.println("First BigDecimal is greater than Second BigDecimal");
    }
}

import java.math.*;

class BigDecimalDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// create 2 BigDecimal objects

BigDecimal b1 = new BigDecimal("60.02");

BigDecimal b2 = new BigDecimal("20".52);

//comparing b1 and b2

int result = b1.compareTo(b2);

if( result == -1 )

System.out.println("First BigDecimal is less than Second BigDecimal");

else if( result == 0)

System.out.println("First BigDecimal is equal to Second BigDecimal");

else if( result == 1 )

System.out.println("First BigDecimal is greater than Second BigDecimal");

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

First BigDecimal is greater than Second BigDecimal

How to set scale in case of BigDecimals


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal("11.274675");
        b=b.setScale(3, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
        System.out.println("BigDecimal Rounding to 3 decimal places: "+b);
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BigDecimal b = new BigDecimal("11.274675");

b=b.setScale(3, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);

System.out.println("BigDecimal Rounding to 3 decimal places: "+b);

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

BigDecimal Rounding to 3 decimal places: 11.275

How to convert String to BigDecimal?

You can simply use BigDecimal’s constructor to convert String to BigDecimal


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String currency="23.12";
        BigDecimal bigDecimalCurrency=new BigDecimal(currency);
        System.out.println("Converted String currency to bigDecimalCurrency: "+bigDecimalCurrency);
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String currency="23.12";

BigDecimal bigDecimalCurrency=new BigDecimal(currency);

System.out.println("Converted String currency to bigDecimalCurrency: "+bigDecimalCurrency);

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

Converted String currency to bigDecimalCurrency: 23.12

How to convert BigDecimal to String?

You can simply use BigDecimal’s toString method to convert BigDecimal to String.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BigDecimal bigDecimal=new BigDecimal("12.92");
        String toStringBigDec=bigDecimal.toString();
        System.out.println(toStringBigDec);
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalToStringMain {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BigDecimal bigDecimal=new BigDecimal("12.92");

String toStringBigDec=bigDecimal.toString();

System.out.println(toStringBigDec);

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

12.92

When you run above program, you will get below output:

Converted String currency to bigDecimalCurrency: 23.12

How to add two BigDecimals in java?

You can use BigDecimal’s add method to divide two BigDecimals.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");
        BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");
        BigDecimal result=b1.add(b2);
        System.out.println(result.toString());
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

public static void main(String args[])

{

BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");

BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");

BigDecimal result=b1.add(b2);

System.out.println(result.toString());

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

12.6

How to subtract two BigDecimals in java?

You can use BigDecimal’s substract method to divide two BigDecimals.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");
        BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");
        BigDecimal result=b1.subtract(b2);
        System.out.println(result.toString());
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

public static void main(String args[])

{

BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");

BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");

BigDecimal result=b1.subtract(b2);

System.out.println(result.toString());

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

7.8

How to multiply two BigDecimals in java?

You can use BigDecimal’s multiply method to multiply two BigDecimals.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");
        BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");
        BigDecimal result=b1.multiply(b2);
        System.out.println(result.toString());
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

public static void main(String args[])

{

BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");

BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");

BigDecimal result=b1.multiply(b2);

System.out.println(result.toString());

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

24.48

How to divide two BigDecimals in java?

You can use BigDecimal’s divide method to divide two BigDecimals.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");
        BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");
        BigDecimal result=b1.divide(b2);
        System.out.println(result.toString());
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

public static void main(String args[])

{

BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.2");

BigDecimal b2=new BigDecimal("2.4");

BigDecimal result=b1.divide(b2);

System.out.println(result.toString());

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

4.25

How to remove trailing zero from BigDecimal?

You can use stripTrailingZeros to remove trailing zero from BigDecimal.


package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.200");
        System.out.println(b1.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString());
    }
}

package org.arpit.java2blog;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class BigDecimalDivideMain {

public static void main(String args[])

{

BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal("10.200");

System.out.println(b1.stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString());

}

When you run above program, you will get below output:

10.2

That’s all about BigDecimal in java.

References:

https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/math/BigDecimal.html

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Java BigDecimal

Constructors

Methods

FAQs

How can you compare two BigDecimals?

How to set scale in case of BigDecimals

How to convert String to BigDecimal?

How to convert BigDecimal to String?

How to add two BigDecimals in java?

How to subtract two BigDecimals in java?

How to multiply two BigDecimals in java?

How to divide two BigDecimals in java?

How to remove trailing zero from BigDecimal?

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Constructors

Methods

FAQs

How can you compare two BigDecimals?

How to set scale in case of BigDecimals

How to convert String to BigDecimal?

How to convert BigDecimal to String?

How to add two BigDecimals in java?

How to subtract two BigDecimals in java?

How to multiply two BigDecimals in java?

How to divide two BigDecimals in java?

How to remove trailing zero from BigDecimal?

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